-built by Filippo Brunelleschi-style: early renaissance
-first commissioned to put a facade on the church in 1516
-designed a large frontispiece intended to carry a great deal of sculpture
-made a wooden model giving an idea of Michelangelo's intentions(Peter Murray, 172)
-purpose of the chapel is to commemorate members of the Medici family
-there are two tombs which are of Lorenzo and Giuliano de' Medici(1524-26)
-statues of both men are placed above symbolic sarcophagi, each with two reclining statues representing Dawn and Twilight and Day and Night(1531-33)and were to be facing Madonna and child
-the alter arrangement was very simple and probably not by michelangelo
-the niche where the statues of Lorenzo and Giuliano are located are deeper than the two niches either side
-the negative emphasis is representative of mannerism
-mannerism can also be seen in the blind tabernacle above the doors
-one of the finest examples of mannerism
-the chapel has never been finished
-work on the new sacristy is representative of Brunelleschi's old sacristy
-he begins to utilize certain motifs that become important including frames for niches and segmented pediments carried on kneed brackets
-there are also paired pilasters and great architectural detail such as shallow scrolls and has mini cupula like the old sacristy
-there is contrasting pietra serena and white an homage to the Old Sacristy
-the use of details gives architecture a new complexity, there are beautiful carvings and the dome is ribbed with coffers like the pantheon and there is a use of roundels
San Lorenzo, Florence, Wood Model, Facade Elevation
Creator: Buonarroti, Michelangelo
Style: High Renaissance
Design for Church facade of S.Lorenzo
Creator: Guiliano Da Sangallo
Drawing
Early Modern
15th to 19th century
The Biblioteca Laurenziana, San Lorenzo- begun 1524-34(Michelangelo) but finished 1559
Michelangelo, Florence
-built for the Pope, the Medici library
-Cardinal Julio Medici was the representative for the pope
-the floor level of the library is higher than the vestibule and is horizontal with books chained on carrels
-the room is much higher than it is wide or long
-almost the entire space is occupied by a giant flight of stairs
-stairs are consisted of center oval shapes with scrolls and then the sides are square
-the most striking feature of the vestibule is the way in which the columns are apparently sunk into the wall rather than standing away from it and they appear to be supported by a pair of brackets(use of buttressing)
-this quality of unexpectedness is associated with mannerism and Michelangelo
-the stairway was completed in the 1550s by Vasari and Amannati
Laurentian Library, Reading Room, San Lorenzo, Florence
Creator: Michelangelo
1525
High Renaissance
Redesigning of Capitoline Hill begun 1546
Rome, Michelangelo
-Pope Paul III Farnese ^ ^Creator: Etienne Dupeirac 1569 "Capitoline Hill in Perspective"
-Michelangelo was asked to make a base for the statue in the center and to participate in renovations
-began the project working on the stairs- 1550
-stairs were used for horses and carriages to go up
-intended to enclose the entire space into a wedge-shaped plan-the oval in the center with a trapezoidal arrangement is a Mannerist element
-the wider end of the quadrilateral occupied by the palace of the senators and the shorter end opening up to the staircase which slopes sharply down the hillside
>>>Pope Paul III and Nephews, 1546, by Titian
Palazzo Dei Conservatori
-Michelangelo, 1564-84
-the most important innovation of the palaces was the introduction of the giant order which signifies public space
-the pilasters stand on high bases and tie together the two stories of the building
-smaller columns on the tabernacle windows on the upper floor and columns on the ground floor
-characteristic of the mannerist love of complexity
-the two story public palace had an opening in each bay allowing for a portico through the whole length of the building
-palace gave a merger of external and internal space
-use of a balister at the top for a balcony effect and it lightens up what is a really heavy cornice
Palazzo Farnese 1517- 1564
By- Antonio da Sangallo the younger
Built for Cardinal Farnese who later became Paul III
-By far the largest and most magnificent of all Roman Princely Palaces
-A vast cliff-like block nearly 100 ft high and 200 ft long
-1541-46 was completed up to the cornice
-The great crowning cornice was designed by Michelangelo and completed most of the palace immediately following Antonio’s death
-Main façade is similar to the Palazzo Pitti in Florence
>>>>Farnese Palace, Rome, Facade
Antonio Da Sangallo the Younger and Michelangelo, 1517-64
-Its texture is obtained partly by rusticated quoins at the angles which diminish upwards by the arrangement of the windows
-The floors are separated by horizontal cornices and bands of stone above the window balconies at the level of the base of the small columns which frame each of the window openings
-Michelangelo contributed the large crowning cornice(very classical) and made the third story higher and also included the main window which appears to be pushed down by the Farnese Arms above it and pushed deeper into the surface of the wall
-The entrance to the palace is a single arch which leads to an impressive entrance tunnel(heavy classicism) due to Antonio
-would establish the next major building type a double piano noble
-the upper piano noble has triangular pedimented frames w/ arched windows
-for the cornice a competition was held b/w sangallo and other competitors... Michelangelo won
-Michelangelo increased the height of the building and completed the 3rd story of the inney courtyard
-inner courtyard used piers and arches and engaged columns
-the issue of a corner was solved
Porta Pia- begun 1562
Michelangelo, Rome
-his form has become even more complicated
-is an insertion of a broken segmental pediment inside an unbroken triangular one
-shows great interest in contrasts of texture expressed in the smooth walling of the center part and the rough stonework of the side bays
-also there is inventive fantasy displayed in the window openings
-window shaped and design later would be used by Bernini and Borromini
S. Andrea in Via Flaminia begun 1550
Architect: Jacopo de Vignola
-church dedicated to St. Andrews
reads like a mini pantheon but the drum is more rectangular
he would be one of several architects who wrote the rule of the 5 orders of architecture
Villa Giulia, Rome 1550-55
Jacopo de Vignola , Vasara and Bartolomeo
a suburban villa built for pope Julius III-
it is seen as an examplar of mannerist architecture, b/c of garden architecture and has a mannerist element of surprise ,when you look down the courtyard looks like you can keep going but it falls off at the end
-It emulates the Belvedere court and uses the motif from the Vatican Palace
Farnese Villa, Caprarola 1556-73
-Jacopo de Vignola
-a summer home for the Farnese family
-patterns are created in the gardens as if being seen from above
-shape is based on an old fort
-has a carriage house with pialsters of rusticated stone
-it is a transformation of a carriagehouse into a renaissance palace
Ufitzi Palace 1560-74
Vasari Giorgio
-use of persepctive by an architect
-he created passageways
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